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Politics and Government 

Our trip to Haiti opened a whole new world for me. Each one of us left with very different experiences that we took to heart; whether it be the kindness of the individuals we met, the complicated circumstances that the nation faces, or the striking poverty that the population strives to overcome. For me, however, I couldn’t help but learn everything I possibly could about the government that exists in Haiti today.

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For those of you who do not already know me, I study Political Science and Sociology at Wartburg College, and have aspirations to someday write social policy in Washington D.C. What I hoped to see when I went to Haiti was a stable nation that is making large strides towards development and prosperity. What I saw however was a nation deeply scarred from their political past, and hesitant to put their faith in the government.

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One night after dinner our group sat down to listen to Adeline, one of the Haitians who is employed at Partners In Development (PID) to wash clothes. Adeline told us a combination of history and lore of two different Haitian leaders that she experienced in here lifetime. One of these was Jean-Claude Duvalier or “Baby Doc.”

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Jean-Claude was the son of Francois “Papa Doc” Duvalier, an oppressive leader known for his brutality towards those who opposed him. After the death of his father in 1971, Baby Doc assumed the presidency. According to Adeline, when Pope John Paul II announced his plans to travel to Port au Prince, Baby Doc and his advisors became worried about the poverty that he would be exposed to. In an attempt to hide Haiti’s poverty from the Pope, Baby Doc told all of the poor and homeless to gather in front of the Catholic churches at a specific time and day. Once there, they would be gathered and taken to a special place where they would receive food and shelter. At the same time, the government was digging large holes close to the forest. When the time came, the citizens who meet outside the churches were gathered in truck and taken to the holes, where they were forced in and murdered. The Pope eventually came and criticized the government in front of large crowds of Haitians for their lack of concern towards human rights. While this story had a large impact on me, what really stood out was the comments Adeline made afterwards. After she just told us of the atrocities that were committed under his watch, she remarked that at least education was free for all children, which is now not the case.

This picture shows the leftover campaign posters from the most recent national election in January, 2017

The earthquake memorial in Canaan. The memorial was commissioned by the Haitian Government under President Martelly. The memorial remains unfinished

In more recent years, Haiti has been more politically stable, partially because of the United Nations peacekeeping missions in the last decades. Yet, while the system has been more stable, it became apparent to me that the stability of the government was not as big of a step as many might think. Upon what the UN deemed as successful elections in January, the UN Security Council has approved the final removal of UN peacekeeping troops in mid-October of this year. The UN will be leaving behind a semi stable government, but also a population suffering from extreme poverty, hunger, unemployment, and homelessness. These problems are extreme enough that a newly stabilized government, elected in what locals described as a flawed voting process, may not be able to adequately address.

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On one of our last days in Haiti, we visited a government memorial dedicated to the lives lost to the earthquake in 2010. The memorial itself is located on top of a mass grave of unclaimed Haitians who perished. Upon entering, however, it was easy to see that the memorial was only partially constructed and that construction on it had been abandoned by the government. While it is easy to understand that the government has better uses for their funds, the unfinished memorial almost seems like a metaphor for the government itself. While the structure of it exists, the aspects that make it whole do not. The UN did create the structure of the government, as the government did for the memorial, but did not create the avenues the government needs to create real change; the job remains undone. The Haitian government has a long way to go to improve the poverty issue within the nation, but it cannot effectively start until the people themselves are able to show trust in the system. The corruption and historical abuses of power cannot exist in the same government that promises to boost agricultural production, stop large importation of goods, provide education for its children, and boost economic activity to combat poverty.

The lessons I learned from Haiti were not the ones I expected. While I did witness the poverty first hand, I also gained a new appreciation for my own government that I did not initially have. It is easy to get caught up in party politics, fights over funding, and policy and while they are important, we are allowed to worry about them because we do not have to worry about being provided with clean water, food, and services to ensure our well-being. It’s good for us to take a step back and realize our privilege, even though we may not want to.

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- Colin P. Jacobs

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